| Clinical Study Bibliography & Abstracts |
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HOWARU Bifido - Bif. lactis HN019
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Dekker JW, Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J. 2009. Safety aspects of probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in human infants aged 0-2 years. Int Dairy J. 19: 149-154.
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Prescott SL, Wickens K, Westcott L, Jung W, Currie H, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Siebers R, Wu L, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics in pregnancy increases cord blood interferon-c and breast milk transforming growth factor-b and immunoglobin A detection. Clin Exp Allergy. 38: 1606-14.
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Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes. J Clin Immunol. 21: 264-271.
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Gill H, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML, Gopal PK. 2001. Enhancement of immunity in the elderly by dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. Am J Clin Nutr. 74: 833-839.
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Arunachalam K, Gill HS, Chandra RK. 2000. Enhancement of natural immune function by dietary consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis (HN019). Eur J Clin Nutr. 54: 263-267.
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Chiang BL, Sheih YH, Wang LH, Liao CK, Gill HS. 2000. Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses. Eur J Clin Nutr. 54: 849-855.
Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Hiremath G, Sarkar A, Dhingra P, Dutta A, Menon VP, Black RE. 2010. Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 and Prebiotic Oligosaccharide Added to Milk on Iron Status, Anemia and Growth Among Children 1 to 4 Years: A Community-based, Randomized, Double-masked, Controlled Trial. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. In press.
Sarkar A, Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Dhingra P, Sood M, Verma P, Juyal R, Kumar J, Menon VP, Black M, Black RE. 2004. Effect of fortification of milk with probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 (DR-10™) and galacto-oligosaccharides on anemia, growth and development in children aged 1-4 years - A double masked randomized trial. pp. 59-63. 3-7-2004. Paris, ESPGHAN.
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Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Sarkar A, Dhingra P, Deb S, Marwah D, Menon VP, Kumar J, Black RE. 2004. Efficacy of milk fortified with a probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis (DR-10™) and prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in prevention of morbidity and on nutritional status. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 13: S28.
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Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell E, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. A differential effect of 2 probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Allery Clin Immunol. 122: 788-94.
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Sistek D, Kelly R, Wickens K, Stanley T, Fitzharris P, Crane J. 2006. Is the effect of probiotics on atopic dermatitis confined to food sensitized children? Clin Exp Allergy. 36: 629-633.
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Ahmed M, Prasad J, Gill HS, Stevenson L, Gopal PK. 2007. Impact of consumption of different levels of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on the intestinal microflora of elderly human subjects. J Nutr. 11: 26-31.
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Gopal P, Prasad J, Gill HS. 2003. Effects of the consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 (DR10™) and galacto-oligosaccharides on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in human subjects. Nutr Res. 23: 1313-1328.
Lahtinen SJ, Kumar R. 2009. Probiotics improve immune system function. Indian Dairyman. 61: 49-54.
Ouwehand AC, Lahtinen S, Nurminen P. 2009. Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. In Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Lee YK, Salminen S (eds.). John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey,2nd edition, pp. 473-477.
Gill H, Prasad J. 2008. Probiotics, immunomodulation and health benefits. Adv Exp Med Biol. 606: 423-454.
Dekker J, Collett M, Prasad J, Gopal P. 2007. Functionality of Probiotics - Potential for Product Development. In Nutrigenomics - Opportunities in Asia. Tai ES, Gillies PJ (eds). Forum Nutr. Basel, Karger, vol. 60, pp. 196-208.
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Sanders ME. 2006. Summary of probiotic activities of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. J Clin Gastroenterol. 40: 776-783.
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Gopal P, Dekker J, Prasad J, Pillidge C, Delabre M, Collett M. 2005. Development and commercialisation of Fonterra’s probiotic strains. Aust J Dairy Technol. 60: 174-183.
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Ouwehand AC, Philipp S. 2004. Bifidobacterium lactis HN019; the good taste of health. Agrofood Ind Hi-Tech. 15: 10-12.
Gill HS, Darragh AJ, Cross ML. 2001. Optimizing immunity and gut function in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging. 5: 80-91.
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Gill HS. 1999. Potential of using dietary lactic acid bacteria for enhancement of immunity. Dialogue 32: 6-11.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2010 Enhancing the biotransformation of isoflavones in soymilk supplemented with lactose using probiotic bacteria during extended fermentation. J Food Sci. 75: M140-M149.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009. Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci. 74: M53-M61.
Phillips M, Kailasapathy K, Tran L. 2006. Viability of commercial probiotic cultures (L. acidophilus, Bifidobacterium sp., L. casei, L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus) in cheddar cheese. Int J Food Microbiol. 108: 276–280.
Human Clinical Studies Engelbrektson AL, Korzenik JR, Pittler A, Sanders ME, Klaenhammer TR, Leyer G, Kitts CL. 2009. Probiotics to minimize the disruption of faecal microbiota in healthy subjects undergoing antibiotic therapy. J Med Microbiol. 58: 663-670.
[Abstract] Larsen N, Vogensen FK, Michaelsen KF, Jakobsen M. 2008. The effect of L. acidophilus NCFM® and B. lactis Bl-07 on the diversity of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the human intestinal tract. International Probiotic Conference (IPC), Slovakia.
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Engelbrektson AL, Korzenik JR, Sanders ME, Clement B, Leyer G, Klaenhammer TR, Kitts CL. 2006. Analysis of treatment effects on the microbial ecology of the human intestine. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 57: 239-250.
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Engelbrektson AL. 2005. Analysis of treatment effects on the microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. PhD Thesis, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, USA.
Engelbrektson AL, Nguyen HD, Lung DY, Kitts CL, Kolzenjk JR, Sanders M, Leyer G. 2005. The Effect of Probiotics on the Species Distribution of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in Healthy Subjects Undergoing Antibiotic Therapy. ASM abstract and handout B-193. [Abstract]
Korzenik J, Kitts C, Pittler A, Englebrektson A, Sanders ME, Klaenhammer T. 2005. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of probiotics to minimize the disruption of gut flora as assessed by 16s rRNA terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and culture enumeration in healthy subjects undergoing antibiotic therapy. Gastroenterology 128 (4, Suppl. 2): A662, Abstr. W1679.
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Sui J, Leighton S, Busta F, Brady L. 2002. 16S ribosomal DNA analysis of the faecal lactobacilli composition of human subjects consuming a probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM®. J Appl Microbiol. 93: 907-912.
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Varcoe J, Zook C, Sui J, Leighton S, Busta F, Brady L. 2002. Variable response to exogenous Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® consumed in different delivery vehicles. J Appl Microbiol. 93: 900-906.
Crowell DC. 1998. Microbial analysis of human intestinal flora after feeding Lactobacillus acidophilus. MSc Thesis, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.
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Gilliland SW, Speck ML, Nauyok, Jr, CF, Giesbrecht FG. 1978. Influence of consuming nonfermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus on fecal flora of healthy males. J Dairy Sci. 61: 1-10.
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Gilliland SE, Speck ML, Morgan CG. 1975. Detection of Lactobacillus acidophilus in feces of humans, pigs and chickens. Appl Microbiol. 30: 541-545.
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Dunn SR, Simenhoff ML, Ahmed KE, Gaughan WJ, Eltayeb BO, Fitzpatrick MED, Emery SM, Ayres JW, Holt KE. 1998. Effect of oral administration of freeze-dried Lactobacillus acidophilus on small bowel bacterial overgrowth in patients with end stage kidney disease: reducing uremic toxins and improving nutrition. Int Dairy J. 8: 545-553.
[Abstract] Dunn SR, Simenhoff ML, Fitzpatrick ME, Eltayeb B, Ahmed K, Emery S, Wrigley M, Chow JM, Ataya D, Gaughan WJ. 1998. Effects of orally administered L. acidophilus in reducing an endogenous uremic toxin (dimethylamine) and a carcinogen (nitrosodimethlamine) and improving nutritional status in a placebo controlled, double blind, parallel study in 24 hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 9: 146-A.
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Simenhoff ML, Dunn SR. 1996. Altered gut flora in uremia. J Renal Nutr. 6: 68-74.
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Simenhoff ML, Dunn SR, Zollner GP, Fitzpatrick MED, Emery SM, Sandine WE, Ayres JW. 1996. Biomodulation of the toxic and nutritional effects of small bowel bacterial overgrowth in end-stage kidney disease using freeze-dried Lactobacillus acidophilus. Mineral and Electrolyte Metab. 22: 92-96. [Strain LBA = NCFM]
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Ouwehand AC, Tiihonen K, Saarinen M, Putaala H, Rautonen N. 2009. Influence of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and lactitol on healthy elderly: intestinal and and immune parameters. Br J Nutr. 101: 367-375.
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Schrezenmeir J, Heller K, McCue M, Llamas C, Lam W, Burow H, Kindling-Rohracker M, Fischer W, Sengespeik HC, Comer GM, Alarcon P. 2004. Benefits of oral supplementation with and without synbiotics in young children with acute bacterial infections. Clin Ped. 43: 239-249.
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Fisberg M, Maulén-Radován IE, Tormo R, Carrascoso MT, Giner CP, Martin FA, et al. 2002. Effect of oral nutritional supplementation with or without synbiotics and sickness and catch-up growth in preschool children. Int Pediatr. 17: 216-222.
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Swanson KS, Grieshop CM, Flickinger EA, Bauer LL, Wolf BW, Chow J, Garleb KA, Williams JA, Fahey, Jr, GC. 2002. Fructooligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus modify bowel function and protein catabolites excreted by healthy humans. J Nutr. 132: 3042-3050.
Ibrahim F, Ruvio S, Granlund L, Salminen S, Viitanen M, Ouwehand AC. 2010. Probiotics and immunosenescence: cheese as a carrier. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2010 Feb 11.
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Paineau D, Carcano D, Leyer G, Darquy S, Alyanakian MA, Simoneau G, Bergmann JF, Brassart D, Bornet F, Ouwehand AC. 2008. Effects of seven potential probiotic strains on specific immune responses in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 53: 107-13.
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Ouwehand AC, Nermes M, Collado MC, Rautonen N, Salminen S, Isolauri E. 2009. Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season. World J Gastroenterol. 15: 3261-3268.
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Goldin BR, Gorbach SL. 1984. The effect of milk and lactobacillus feeding on human intestinal bacterial enzyme activity. Amer J Clin Nutr. 39: 756-761.
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Goldin BR, Gorbach SL. 1984. The effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus and antibiotics on intestinal bacterial activity and chemical induction of large bowel tumors. Dev Indus Microbiol. 25: 139-150.
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Goldin BR, Swenson L, Dwyer J, Sexton M, Gorbach S. 1980. Effect of diet and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on human fecal bacterial enzymes. J Natl Cancer Instit. 64: 255-261.
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Thompson LU, Jenkins DJA, Amer MAV, Reichert R, Jenking A, Kamulsky J. 1982. The effect of fermented and unfermented milks on serum cholesterol. Amer J Clin Nutr. 36: 1106-1111.
Mustapha A, Jiang T, Savaiano DA. 1997. Improvement of lactose digestion by humans following ingestion of unfermented acidophilus milk: Influence of bile sensitivity, lactose transport and acid tolerance of Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Dairy Sci. 80: 1537-1545. [Strain LA-1 = NCFM]
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Montes RG, Bayless TM, Saavedra JM, Perman JA. 1995. Effect of milks inoculated with Lactobacillus acidophilus or a yogurt starter culture in lactose-maldigesting children. J Dairy Sci. 78: 1657-1664.
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Lin MY, Savaiano D, Harlander S. 1991. Influence of nonfermented dairy products containing bacterial starter cultures on lactose maldigestion in humans. J Dairy Sci. 74: 87-95.
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McDonough FE, Hitchins AD, Wong NP, Wells P, Bodwell CE. 1987. Modification of sweet acidophilus milk to improve utilization by lactose-intolerant persons. Am J Clin Nutr. 45: 570-574.
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Savaiano DA, Abou El Anouar DAG, Smith DE, Levitt MD. 1984. Lactose malabsorption from yogurt, pasteurized yogurt, sweet acidophilus milk and cultured milk in lactase-deficient individuals. Amer J Clin Nutr. 40: 1219-1223.
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Kim GS, Gilliland SE. 1983. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a dietary adjunct for milk to aid lactose digestion in humans. J Dairy Sci. 66: 959-966.
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Newcomer AD, Park HS, O'Brien PC, McGill DB. 1983. Response of patients with irritable bowel syndrome and lactase deficiency using unfermented acidophilus milk. Amer J Clin Nutr. 38: 257-263.
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Payne DL, Welsh JD, Manion CV, Tsegaye A, Herd LD. 1981. Effectiveness of milk products in dietary management of lactose malabsorption. Amer J Clin Nutr. 34: 2711-2715.
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Leyer GJ, Li S, Mubasher ME, Reifer C, Ouwehand AC. 2009. Probiotic effects on cold and influenza-like symptom incidence and duration in children. Pediatrics. 124: e172-e179.
[Abstract] Ouwehand A, Leyer G, Carcano D. 2008. Probiotics reduce incidence and duration of respiratory tract infection symptoms in 3- to 5-year-old children. Pediatrics 121: S115.
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[Abstract] Ringel Y, Palsson OS, Leyer G, Causey S, Yeskel SE, Faber SM, Ringel-Kulka T. 2008. Probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 improve symptoms of bloating patients with functional bowel disorders (FBD). Gastroenterology 134(4 Suppl. 1): A549.
[Abstract] Ringel Y, Palsson OS, Leyer G, Causey S, Yeskel SE, Faber SM, Ringel-Kulka T. 2008. Probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 improve symptoms of bloating patients with functional bowel disorders (FBD). International Probiotic Conference (IPC), Slovakia.
[Abstract] Ringel Y, Palsson OS, Leyer G, Causey S, Yeskel SE, Lahtinen S, Faber SM, Ringel-Kulka T. 2008. Improvement of symptoms of bloating in patients with functional bowel disorders by probiotic strains Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07. TNO Beneficial Microbes Conference; P25.
[Correspondence] Faber S. 2006. Response to a comment on “The use of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.” Altern Ther Health Med. 12: 17.
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Faber S, Rigden S, Lukaczer D. 2005. The use of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: two case reports. Altern Ther Health Med. 11: 60-62.
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Heiser CR, Ernst JA, Barrett JT, French N, Schutz M, Dube MP. 2004. Probiotics, soluble fiber and L-Glutamine (GLN) reduce nelfinavir (NFV) - or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-related diarrhea. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic Ill ). 3: 121-129.
Faber SM. 2003. Are probiotics usefull in irritable bowel syndrome? J Clin Gastroenterol. 37: 93-94.
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[Abstract] Faber SM. 2003. Comparison of probiotics with antibiotics to probiotics alone in treatment of diarrhea predominant IBS (D-IBS), alternating (A-IBS) and constipation (C-IBS) patients. Gastroenterology 124: A687-A688.
[Abstract] Faber S. 2001. Treatment of abnormal gut flora improves symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Can J Gastroenterol; Canadian Digestive Diseases Week.
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[Abstract] Faber SM. 2000. Treatment of abnormal gut flora improves symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 95: 2533.
[Abstract] Guerrero M, Dohnalek M, Newton P, Calva J, Tuz F, Arteaga F, Costigan T, Hilty M, Ruiz-Palacios G. 1996. Feeding of a probiotic for prevention of diarrhea in young children. Abstracts of the 1st World Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 15th InterAmerican Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Abstr. # C041.
[Abstract] Guerrero M, Dohnalek M, Newton P, Kuznetsova O, Murphy T, Calva J, Hilty M, Costigan T, Ruiz-Palacios G. 1996. Effect of probiotic-containing beverages on incidence of diarrhea. Abstracts of the 1st World Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 15th InterAmerican Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Abstr. # 610: 45-2.
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[Abstract] Ruiz-Palacios G, Guerrero ML, Hilty M, Dohnalek M, Newton P, Calva JJ, Costigan T, Tuz F, Arteaga F. 1996. Feeding of a probiotic for the prevention of community-acquired diarrhea in young Mexican children. Pediatric Research 39 (Part 2): 104, Abstr. #1089.
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[Abstract] Ruiz-Palacios G, Tuz F, Arteaga F, Guerrero ML, Dohnalek M, Hilty M. 1996. Tolerance and fecal colonization with Lactobacillus reuteri in children fed a beverage with a mixture of Lactobacillus ssp. Pediatric Res. 39 (Part 2): 104, Abstr. #1090.
[Case studies] Lukaczer D. Evaluating the Effects of Specialized Nutritional Support, Including strain-certified Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and Bifidobacterium lactis BI-07, in a Patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. (Case study #1150). San Clemente (CA): Metagenics, Inc.
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Ouwehand AC, Lahtinen SJ. 2009. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM®. In Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Lee YK, Salminen SJ (eds). Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2nd edition, pp. 417-419.
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Philipp S, Ouwehand AC. 2008. Overview of prophylactic studies on probiotics. Reduction of incidence and duration of disease. NutraFoods. 7: 45-50.
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Donaldson MS. 2004. Nutrition and Cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet. Nutr J. 3: 1-21.
Brassart D. 2003. L. acidophilus NCFM®: Functional properties of a unique probiotic strain. IDF Seminar on Aroma and Texture of Fermented Milk, Kolding, Denmark (06/2002). International Dairy Federation special issue. n° 1: 36-143.
Drisko JA, Giles CK, Bischoff BJ. 2003. Probiotics in health maintenance and disease prevention. Altern Med Rev. 8: 143-155.
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Klaenhammer T, Altermann E, Arigoni F, Bolotin A, Breidt F, Broadbent J, Cano R, Chaillou S, Deutscher J, Gasson M, van de Guchte M, Guzzo J, Hartke A, Hawkins T, Hols P, Hutkins R, Kleerebezem M, Kok J, Kuipers O, Lubbers M, Maguin E, McKay L, Mills D, Nauta A, Overbeek R, Pel H, Pridmore D, Saier M, van Sinderen D, Sorokin A, Steele J, O’Sullivan D, de Vos W, Weimer B, Zagorec M, Siezen R. 2002. Discovering lactic acid bacteria by genomics. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 82: 29-71.
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Sanders ME, Klaenhammer TR. 2001. The scientific basis of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® functionality as a probiotic. J Dairy Sci. 84: 319-331.
Hove H, Norgaard H, Mortensen PB. 1999. Lactic acid bacteria and the human gastrointestinal tract. Eur J Clin Nutr. 53: 339-350.
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Klaenhammer TR, Kullen MJ. 1999. Selection and design of probiotics. Intl J Food Micro. 50: 45-57.
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Reid G. 1999. The scientific basis for probiotic strains of Lactobacillus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 65: 3763-3766.
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Klaenhammer TR. 1998. Functional activities of Lactobacillus probiotics: Genetic mandate. Int Dairy J. 8: 497-505.
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Schauss AG. 1990. Lactobacillus acidophilus: method of action, clinical application, and toxicity data. J Adv Med. 3: 163-178.
Klaenhammer TR. 1982. Microbiological considerations in the selection and preparation of Lactobacillus strains for use as dietary adjuncts. J Dairy Sci. 65: 1339-1349.
Schwobe J, Warfsmann N. 2010. Probiotic auch für UHT-Produkte? Deutsche Milchwirtschaft 4: 117-118.
Anonymous. 2009. Combined effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and lactitol on intestinal and immune in health elderly. Nutr Res Newsl. 28 (3) :4-1.
Society for Applied Microbiology. 2005. Bugs CV. Microbiologist (June):36.
Krishnakumar V, Gordon IR. 2001. Probiotics: challenges and opportunities.(digestive disorder preventative research) (statistical data included). Dairy Ind Int. 66 (2) :38.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2010. Enhancing the Biotransformation of Isoflavones in Soymilk Supplemented with Lactose Using Probiotic Bacteria during Extended Fermentation. J Food Sci. 75: 3.
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Azcarate-Peril MA, Tallon R, Klaenhammer TR. 2009 Temporal gene expression and probiotic attributes of Lactobacillus acidophilus during growth in milk. J Dairy Sci. 92: 870-886.
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Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009 An Improved Method of Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria for Their Stability in Acidic and Bile Conditions during Storage. J. Food Sci.
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Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009. Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. J Food Sc. 73: M360-M367.
Sreekumar R, Al-Attabi Z, Deeth HC, Turner MS. 2009. Volatile sulfur compounds produced by probiotic bacteria in the presence of cysteine or methionine. Lett Appl Microbiol. 48: 777-782.
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Liu M, Nauta A, Francke C, Siezen RJ. 2008. Comparative Genomics of Enzymes in Flavor-Forming Pathways from Amino Acids in Lactic Acid Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 74: 4590-4600.
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Trahan CE. 2008. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® Survival in Acidified Yogurts. MSc Thesis, North-Caroline State University.
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Ding WK, Shah NP. 2007. Acid, bile and heat tolerance of free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci. 72: M446-M450.
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Jenkins JK, Courtney PD. 2003. Lactobacillus growth and membrane composition in the presence of linoleic or conjugated linoleic acid. Can J Microbiol. 49: 51-57.
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Lee KW, Baick SC, Chung WH, Kim HW. 2003. Structural observation of microencapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Food Sci Biotechnol. 12: 13-17.
[Abstract] Iturriria-Laverty K, Tong PS, Sanders ME. 1999. Microbiological stability of probiotic and starter bacteria in commercial yogurt and cottage cheese. J Dairy Sci. 82 (Suppl. 1):6. Abstr. D23.
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Sanders ME, Walker DC, Walker KM, Aoyama K, Klaenhammer TR. 1996. Performance of commercial cultures in fluid milk applications. J Dairy Sci. 79: 943-955. [Strain LH1 = NCFM]
Human Clinical Studies Dekker JW, Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J. 2009. Safety aspects of probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in human infants aged 0-2 years. Int Dairy J. 19: 149-154.
Ibrahim F, Ruvio S, Granlund L, Salminen S, Viitanen M, Ouwehand AC. 2010. Probiotics and immunosenescence: cheese as a carrier. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. Feb 11.
Prescott SL, Wickens K, Westcott L, Jung W, Currie H, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Siebers R, Wu L, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics in pregnancy increases cord blood interferon-c and breast milk transforming growth factor-b and immunoglobin A detection. Clin Exp Allergy. 38: 1606-14.
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Gill HS, Cross ML, Rutherfurd KJ, Gopal PK. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation to enhance cellular immunity in the elderly. Br J Biomed Sci. 58: 94-96.
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Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ. 2001. Probiotic supplementation to enhance natural immunity in the elderly: effects of a newly characterized immunostimulatory strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (DR20™) on leucocyte phagocytosis. Nutr Res. 21: 183-189.
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Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes. J of Clin Immunol. 21: 264-271.
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Sheih YH, Chiang BL, Wang LH, Liao C, Gill HS. 2001. Systemic immunity-enhancing effects in healthy subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001. J Am Coll Nutr. 20: 149-156.
Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell E, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. A differential effect of 2 probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Allery Clin Immunol. 122: 788-94.
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Sistek D, Kelly R, Wickens K, Stanley T, Fitzharris P, Crane J. 2006. Is the effect of probiotics on atopic dermatitis confined to food sensitized children? Clin Exp Allergy. 36: 629-633.
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Walter J, Hertel C, Tannock GW, Lis CM, Munro K, Hammes WP. 2001. Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 67: 2578-2585.
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Tannock GW, Munro K, Harmsen HJM, Welling GW, Smart J, Gopal PK. 2000. Analysis of the fecal microflora of human subjects consuming a probiotic product containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20. Appl Environ Microbiol. 66: 2578-2588.
Lahtinen SJ, Kumar R. 2009. Probiotics improve immune system function. Indian Dairyman. 61: 49-54.
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Ouwehand AC, Lahtinen S, Nurminen P. 2009. Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. In Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Lee YK, Salminen SJ (eds). Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2nd edition, pp. 473-477.
Gill H, Prasad J. 2008. Probiotics, immunomodulation and health benefits. Adv Exp Med Biol. 606: 423-454.
Dekker J, Collett M, Prasad J, Gopal P. 2007. Functionality of Probiotics - Potential for Product Development. In Nutrigenomics - Opportunities in Asia. Tai ES, Gillies PJ (eds). Forum Nutr. Basel, Karger, vol. 60, pp. 196-208.
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Gopal P, Dekker J, Prasad J, Pillidge C, Delabre M, Collett M. 2005. Development and commercialisation of Fonterra’s probiotic strains. Austr J Dairy Technol. 60: 174-183.
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Gill HS, Darragh AJ, Cross ML. 2001. Optimizing immunity and gut function in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging. 5: 80-91.
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Gill HS. 1999. Potential of using dietary lactic acid bacteria for enhancement of immunity. Dialogue 32: 6-11.
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Gill HS. 1998. Stimulation of the immune system by lactic cultures. Int Dairy J. 8: 535-544.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2010 Enhancing the biotransformation of isoflavones in soymilk supplemented with lactose using probiotic bacteria during extended fermentation. J Food Sci. 75: M140-M149.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009. Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci. 74: M53-M61.
Phillips M, Kailasapathy K, Tran L. 2006. Viability of commercial probiotic cultures (L. acidophilus, Bifidobacterium sp., L. casei, L. paracasei and L. rhamnosus) in cheddar cheese. Int J Food Microbiol. 108: 276–280.
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