| Clinical Study Bibliography & Abstracts |
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HOWARU Bifido - Bif. lactis HN019
Human Clinical Studies Dekker JW, Wickens K., Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G and Julian Crane. 2009. Safety aspects of probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in human infants aged 0–2 years. International Dairy Journal 19 (2009) 149–154.
Arunachalam K, Gill HS, Chandra RK. 2000. Enhancement of natural immune function by dietary consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis (HN019). Eur J Clin Nutr 54: 263-267.
Chiang BL, Sheih YH, Wang LH, Liao CK, Gill HS. 2000. Enhancing immunity by dietary consumption of a probiotic lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium lactis HN019): optimization and definition of cellular immune responses. Eur J Clin Nutr 54: 849-855.
Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes. Journal of Clinical Immunology 21: 264-271.
Gill H, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML, Gopal PK. 2001. Enhancement of immunity in the elderly by dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. Am J Clin Nutr 74: 833-839.
Prescott SL, Wickens K, Westcott L, Jung W, Currie H, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Siebers R, Wu L, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics in pregnancy increases cord blood interferon-c and breast milk transforming growth factor-b and immunoglobin A detection. Clin Exp Allergy Oct;38 (10): 1606-14.
Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Sarkar A, Dhingra P, Deb S, Marwah D, Menon VP, Kumar J, Black RE. 2004. Efficacy of milk fortified with a probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis (DR10™)and prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in prevention of morbidity and on nutritional status. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr (13): S28.
Sistek D, Kelly R, Wickens K, Stanley T, Fitzharris P, Crane J. 2006. Is the effect of probiotics on atopic dermatitis confined to food sensitized children? Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 36: 629-633.
Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell E, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J. Probiotic Study Group. 2008. A differential effect of 2 probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Allery Clin Immunol 122(4):788-94.
Gopal P, Prasad J, Gill HS. 2003. Effects of the consumption of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 (DR10™) and galacto-oligosaccharides on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in human subjects. Nutr Res 23: 1313-1328.
Ahmed M, Prasad J, Gill HS, Stevenson L, Gopal PK. 2007. Impact of consumption of different levels of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on the intestinal microflora of elderly human subjects. J. Nutr. 11 (1): 26-31.
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Gill HS. 1999. Potential of using dietary lactic acid bacteria for enhancement of immunity. Dialogue 32: 6-11.
Gill HS, Darragh AJ, Cross ML. 2001. Optimizing immunity and gut function in the elderly. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 5(2):80-91.
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Ouwehand AC, Philipp S. 2004. Bifidobacterium lactis HN019; the good taste of health. Agrofood Ind Hi-Tech 15:10-12.
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Gopal P, Dekker J, Prasad J, Pillidge C, Delabre M, & M Collett. 2005. Development and commercialisation of Fonterra’s probiotic strains. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 60: 174-183.
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Sanders ME. 2006. Summary of probiotic activities of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. J Clin Gastroenterol 40:776-783.
Dekker J, Collett M, Prasad J, Gopal P. 2007. Functionality of Probiotics – Potential for Product Development. in Tai ES, Gillies PJ (eds): Nutrigenomics - Opportunities in Asia. Forum Nutr. Basel, Karger, vol. 60, pp 196-208.
Gill H, Prasad J. 2008. Probiotics, immunomodulation, and health benefits. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 606: 423-454.
Ouwehand AC, Lahtinen S, Nurminen P. 2009. Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Lee YK & Salminen S. (eds.) John Wiley & Sons, 423-454.
Lahtinen SJ, Kumar R. 2009. Probiotics improve immune system function. Indian Dairyman, 61 (4): 49-54.
Human Clinical Studies Engelbrektson AL, Korzenik JR, Pittler A, Sanders ME, Klaenhammer TR, Leyer G and CL Kitts. 2009. Probiotics to minimize the disruption of faecal microbiota in healthy subjects undergoing antibiotic therapy. J Med Microbiol 58: 663-670.
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Engelbrektson, A.L., Korzenik, J.R., Sanders, M.E., Clement, B.G., Leyer, G., Klaenhammer, T.R., & Kitts, C.L., (2006). Analysis of treatment effects on the microbial ecology of the human intestine. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 57, 239-250.
Engelbrektson AL. 2005. Analysis of treatment effects on the microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. PhD Thesis, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, USA.
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Varcoe J, C Zook, J.Sui, S Leighton, F Busta and L Brady. 2002. Variable response to exogenous Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® consumed in different delivery vehicles. J Appl Microbiol 93:900-906.
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Sui J, S Leighton, F Busta and L Brady. 2002. 16S ribosomal DNA analysis of the faecal lactobacilli composition of human subjects consuming a probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM®. J Appl Microbiol 93:907-912.
Crowell DC. 1998. Microbial analysis of human intestinal flora after feeding Lactobacillus acidophilus. M.S. Thesis, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.
Gilliland SW, ML Speck, CF Nauyok, Jr and FG Giesbrecht. 1978. Influence of consuming nonfermented milk containing Lactobacillus acidophilus on fecal flora of healthy males. J Dairy Sci 61:1-10.
Gilliland SE, Speck ML, Morgan CG. Detection of Lactobacillus acidophilus in feces of humans, pigs, and chickens. Appl Microbiol 1975; 30(4):541-545.
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Dunn SR, ML Simenhoff, KE Ahmed, WJ Gaughan, BO Eltayeb, M-ED Fitzpatrick, SM Emery, JW Ayres and KE Holt. 1998. Effect of oral administration of freeze-dried Lactobacillus acidophilus on small bowel bacterial overgrowth in patients with end stage kidney disease: reducing uremic toxins and improving nutrition. Int. Dairy J. 8:545-553.
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Simenhoff ML, SR Dunn, GP Zollner, MED Fitzpatrick, SM Emery, WE Sandine and JW Ayres. 1996. Biomodulation of the toxic and nutritional effects of small bowel bacterial overgrowth in end-stage kidney disease using freeze-dried Lactobacillus acidophilus. Mineral and Electrolyte Metab 22:92-96. Strain LBA = NCFM®.
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Simenhoff ML and SR Dunn. 1996. Altered gut flora in uremia. J Renal Nutr 6:68-74.
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Ouwehand AC, Tiihonen K, Saarinen M, Putaala H and N Rautonen. 2009. Influence of a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and lactitol on healthy elderly: intestinal and immune parameters. British Journal of Nutrition, not known, 1-10.
Schrezenmeir J, et al. 2004. Benefits of oral supplementation with and without synbiotics in young children with acute bacterial infections. Clin Ped 43: 239-249.
Fisberg M, et al. 2002. Effect of oral nutritional supplementation with or without synbiotics and sickness and catch-up growth in preschool children. Int Pediatr 17(4): 215-222.
Swanson KS, Grieshop CM, Flickinger EA, Bauer LL, Wolf BW, Chow J, et al. Fructooligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus modify bowel function and protein catabolites excreted by healthy humans. J Nutr 2002; 132(10):3042-3050.
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Paineau D, Carcano D, Leyer G, Darquy S, Alyanakian M-A, Simoneau G, Bergmann JF, Brassart D, Bornet F and AC Ouwehand. 2008. Effects of seven potential probiotic strains on specific immune responses in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. FEMS Immunol. Med Microbiol 53(1):107-13.
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Goldin BR and SL Gorbach. 1984. The effect of milk and lactobacillus feeding on human intestinal bacterial enzyme activity. Amer J Clin Nutr 39:756-761.
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Goldin BR and SL Gorbach. 1984. The effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus and antibiotics on intestinal bacterial activity and chemical induction of large bowel tumors. Dev Indus Microbiol 25:139-150.
Goldin BR, L Swenson, J Dwyer, M Sexton and S Gorbach. 1980. Effect of diet and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplements on human fecal bacterial enzymes. J Natl Cancer Instit 64:255-261.
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Thompson LU, DJA Jenkins, MAV Amer, R Reichert, A Jenking and J Kamulsky. 1982. The effect of fermented and unfermented milks on serum cholesterol. Amer J Clin Nutr. 36:1106-1111.
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Montes RG, TM Bayless, JM Saavedra and JA Perman. 1995. Effect of milks inoculated with Lactobacillus acidophilus or a yogurt starter culture in lactosemaldigesting children. J Dairy Sci 78:1657-1664.
Lin M-Y, D Savaiano and S Harlander. 1991. Influence of nonfermented dairy products containing bacterial starter cultures on lactose maldigestion in humans. J Dairy Sci 74:87-95.
McDonough FE, AD Hitchins, NP Wong, P Wells and CE Bodwell. 1987. Modification of sweet acidophilus milk to improve utilization by lactose-intolerant persons. Am J Clin Nutr 45:570-574.
Savaiano DA, DAG Abou El Anouar, DE Smith and MD Levitt. 1984. Lactose malabsorption from yogurt, pasteurized yogurt, sweet acidophilus milk, and cultured milk in lactase-deficient individuals. Amer J Clin Nutr 40:1219-1223.
Newcomer AD, HS Park, PC O’Brien and DB McGill. 1983. Response of patients with irritable bowel syndrome and lactase deficiency using unfermented acidophilus milk. Amer J Clin Nutr 38:257-263.
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Kim GS and SE Gilliland. 1983. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a dietary adjunct for milk to aid lactose digestion in humans. J Dairy Sci 66:959-966.
Payne DL, JD Welsh, CV Manion, A Tsegaye, A and LD Herd. 1981. Effectiveness of milk products in dietary management of lactose malabsorption. Amer J Clin Nutr 34:2711-2715.
Leyer, G.J., Li, S., Mubasher, M.E., Reifer, C., Ouwehand, A.C. 2009. Probiotic effects on cold and influenza-like symptom incidence and duration in children. Pediatrics 124: e172-e179.
[Abstract] Ringel Y, Palsson OS, Leyer G, Causey S, Yeskel SE, Faber SM and Ringel-Kulka T. 2008. Probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 improve symptoms of bloating patients with functional bowel disorders (FBD). Gastroenterology 134(4 Suppl. 1): A549.
[Abstract] Guerrero M, M Dohnalek, P Newton, J Calva, F Tuz, F Arteaga, T Costigan, M Hilty and G Ruiz-Palacios. 1996. Feeding of a probiotic for prevention of diarrhea in young children. Abstracts of the 1st World Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 15th InterAmerican Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Abstract # C041.
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Ruiz-Palacios G, ML Guerrero, M Hilty, M Dohnalek, P Newton, JJ Calva, T Costigan, F Tuz and F Arteaga. 1996. Feeding of a probiotic for the prevention of community-acquired diarrhea in young Mexican children. Pediatric Research 39 (Part 2):104, Abstract #1089.
[Abstract] Ruiz-Palacios G, F Tuz, F Arteaga, ML Guerrero, M Dohnalek and M Hilty. 1996. Tolerance and fecal colonization with Lactobacillus reuteri in children fed a beverage with a mixture of Lactobacillus ssp. Pediatric Research 39 (Part 2):104, Abstract #1090.
[Abstract] Guerrero M, M Dohnalek, P Newton, O Kuznetsova, T Murphy, J Calva, M Hilty, T Costigan and G Ruiz-Palacios. 1996. Effect of probiotic-containing beverages on incidence of diarrhea. Abstracts of the 1st World Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 15th InterAmerican Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Abstract # 610:45-2.
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Heiser CR, Ernst JA, Barrett JT, French N, Schutz M and MP Dube. 2004. Probiotics, soluble fiber, and L-Glutamine (GLN) reduce nelfinavir (NFV) – or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-related diarrhea. J. Int. Assoc. Physicians AIDS Care (Chic Ill ). 3(4):121-129.
Faber S, Rigden S, Lukaczer D. The use of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: two case reports. Altern Ther Health Med 2005; 11(4):60-62.
Faber SM. 2003. Are probiotics usefull in irritable bowel syndrome? J Clin Gastroenterol 37:93-94.
[Abstract] Faber SM. 2003. Comparison of probiotics with antibiotics to probiotics alone in treatment of diarrhea predominant IBS (D-IBS), alternating (A-IBS) and constipation (C-IBS) patients. Gastroenterology 124(4): A687-A688.
[Abstract] Faber SM. 2000. Treatment of abnormal gut flora improves symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Am J Gastroenterol. 95(9):2533.
Ouwehand AC, Lahtinen SJ. 2009. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM®. In: Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Wiley & Sons, New Jersey. Edited by Lee Y-K, Salminen SJ. 2nd edition. pp. 417-419.
Philipp S, Ouwehand AC. Overview of prophylactic studies on probiotics. Reduction of incidence and duration of disease. NutraFoods 2008; 7(2/3):45-50.
Donaldson MS. 2004. Nutrition and Cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet. Nutr J 3(19):1-21.
Brassart D. 2003. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM®: Functional properties of a unique probiotic strain. IDF Seminar on Aroma and Texture of Fermented Milk, Kolding, Denmark (06/2002). International Dairy Federation special issue. n° 1: 36-143.
Klaenhammer T, E Altermann, F Arigoni, A Bolotin, F Breidt, J Broadbent, R Cano, S Chaillou, J Deutscher, M Gasson, M van de Guchte, J Guzzo, A Hartke, T Hawkins, P Hols, R Hutkins, M Kleerebezem, J Kok, O Kuipers, M Lubbers, E Maguin, L McKay, D Mills, A Nauta, R Overbeek, H Pel, D Pridmore, M Saier, D van Sinderen, A Sorokin, Steele, D O’Sullivan, W de Vos, B Weimer, M Zagorec and R Siezen. 2002. Discovering lactic acid bacteria by genomics. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 82: 59-71.
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Sanders ME and TR Klaenhammer. 2001. The scientific basis of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® functionality as a probiotic. J Dairy Sci. 84:319-331.
Reid G. 1999. The scientific basis for probiotic strains of Lactobacillus. Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3763-3766.
Klaenhammer TR, MJ Kullen. 1999. Selection and design of probiotics. Intl J Food Micro 50:45-57.
Schauss AG. 1990. Lactobacillus acidophilus: method of action, clinical application, and toxicity data. J Adv Med 3:163-178.
Klaenhammer TR. 1982. Microbiological considerations in the selection and preparation of Lactobacillus strains for use as dietary adjuncts. J Dairy Sci 65:1339-1349.
Sanders ME, DC Walker, KM Walker, K Aoyama and TR Klaenhammer. 1996. Performance of commercial cultures in fluid milk applications. J Dairy Sci 79:943-955. (Strain LH1 = NCFM®).
Iturriria-Laverty K, PS Tong and ME Sanders. 1999. Microbiological stability of probiotic and starter bacteria in commercial yogurt and cottage cheese. J Dairy Sci 82 (Suppl. 1):6. Abstract D23.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2007. Acid, bile, and heat tolerance of free and microencapsulated probiotic bacteria. J Food Sci 2007; 72(9):M446-M450.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009. Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. J Food Sc 73(7): M360-M367.
Ding WK, Shah NP. 2009 An Improved Method of Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria for Their Stability in Acidic and Bile Conditions during Storage. J Food Sci.
R Sreekumar, Z Al-Attabi, HC Deeth and MS Turner. 2009. Volatile sulfur compounds produced by probiotic bacteria in the presence of cysteine or methionine. Lett Appl Microbiol 48:777-782.
Azcarate-Peril MA, Tallon R, Klaenhammer TR. 2009. Temporal gene expression and probiotic attributes of Lactobacillus acidophilus during growth in milk. J Dairy Sci 92:870-886.
M Liu, A Nauta, C Francke and RJ Siezen. 2008. Comparative Genomics of Enzymes in Flavor-Forming Pathways from Amino Acids in Lactic Acid Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:4590-4600.
CE Trahan. 2008. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® Survival in Acidified Yogurts. MSc thesis, North-Carolina State University.
Human Clinical Studies Dekker JW, Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, and Julian Crane. 2009. Safety aspects of probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 in human infants aged 0–2 years. International Dairy Journal 19 (2009) 149–154.
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Gill HS, Cross ML, Rutherfurd KJ, Gopal PK. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation to enhance cellular immunity in the elderly. British Journal of Biomedical Science 58:94-96.
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Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML. 2001. Dietary probiotic supplementation enhances natural killer cell activity in the elderly: an investigation of age-related immunological changes. Journal of Clinical Immunology 21:264-271.
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Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ. 2001. Probiotic supplementation to enhance natural immunity in the elderly: effects of a newly characterized immunostimulatory strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (DR20TM) on leucocyte phagocytosis. Nutrition Research 21:183-189.
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Sheih YH, Chiang BL, Wang LH, Liao C, Gill HS. 2001. Systemic immunity-enhancing effects in healthy subjects following dietary consumption of the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 20:149-156.
Prescott SL, Wickens K, Westcott L, Jung W, Currie H, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell EA, Fitzharris P, Siebers R, Wu L, Crane J; Probiotic Study Group. 2008. Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics in pregnancy increases cord blood interferon-c and breast milk transforming growth factor-b and immunoglobin A detection. Clin Exp Allergy 2008 Oct; 38(10):1606-14.
Sistek D, Kelly R, Wickens K, Stanley T, Fitzharris P, Crane J. 2006. Is the effect of probiotics on atopic dermatitis confined to food sensitized children? Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 36:629-633.
Wickens K, Black PN, Stanley TV, Mitchell E, Fitzharris P, Tannock GW, Purdie G, Crane J Probiotic Study Group. 2008. A differential effect of 2 probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Allery Clin Immunol 122(4):788-94.
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Tannock GW, Munro K, Harmsen HJM, Welling GW, Smart J, Gopal PK. 2000. Analysis of the fecal microflora of human subjects consuming a probiotic product containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20™. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66:2578-2588.
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Walter J, Hertel C, Tannock GW, Lis CM, Munro K, Hammes WP. 2001. Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67(6):2578-2585.
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Gill HS. 1998. Stimulation of the immune system by lactic cultures. International Dairy Journal 8:535-544.
Gill HS. 1999. Potential of using dietary lactic acid bacteria for enhancement of immunity. Dialogue 32:6-11.
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Gill HS, Darragh AJ, Cross ML. 2001. Optimizing immunity and gut function in the elderly. The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging 5(2):80-91.
Gopal P, Dekker J, Prasad J, Pillidge C, Delabre M, Collett M. 2005. Development and commercialisation of Fonterra’s probiotic strains. Australian Journal of Dairy Technology 60, 174–183.
Dekker J, Collett M, Prasad J, Gopal P. 2007. Functionality of Probiotics – Potential for Product Development. in Tai ES, Gillies PJ (eds): Nutrigenomics - Opportunities in Asia. Forum Nutr. Basel, Karger, vol. 60, pp 196-208.
Gill H, Prasad J. 2008. Probiotics, immunomodulation, and health benefits. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 606:423-454.
Ouwehand A.C., Lahtinen S. and Nurminen P. 2009. Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Bifidobacterium lactis HN019. Handbook of probiotics and prebiotics. Lee, Y.K. & Salminen, S. (eds.) John Wiley & Sons.
Lahtinen SJ, Kumar R. 2009. Probiotics improve immune system function. Indian Dairyman 61(4):49-54.
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